UK communications regulator Ofcom has opened a formal investigation into messaging app Telegram over allegations it hosts child sexual abuse material, marking a significant escalation in regulatory scrutiny of the Dubai-based platform.
The investigation, launched on 21 April 2026, examines whether Telegram has failed to comply with obligations under the UK’s Online Safety Act regarding illegal content. Ofcom initiated the probe after receiving evidence from the Canadian Centre for Child Protection alleging the presence and sharing of child sexual abuse material on the platform.
Telegram Denies Allegations
Telegram has categorically denied Ofcom’s accusations, claiming it has “practically eliminated” public distribution of child sexual abuse material since 2018 through detection algorithms.
The company expressed surprise at the investigation and concern it may form part of a broader attack on platforms defending free speech and privacy rights. Telegram’s response highlights growing tensions between tech platforms and regulators over content moderation responsibilities.
Wider Regulatory Action
Ofcom has simultaneously opened investigations into Teen Chat and Chat Avenue to examine whether they meet obligations to prevent child grooming risks. Both platforms feature open chat rooms, private messaging, profile creation and media sharing capabilities.
The regulatory action demonstrates Ofcom’s increasingly assertive approach under the Online Safety Act, which came into force with significant enforcement powers.
Substantial Penalties at Stake
The Online Safety Act empowers Ofcom to impose fines up to £18 million or 10% of global turnover, whichever is higher. In severe cases, the regulator can seek court orders requiring internet service providers to block UK access to non-compliant services.
These enforcement mechanisms represent some of the toughest regulatory powers available to digital watchdogs globally, reflecting Parliament’s determination to hold tech platforms accountable for user safety.